By Greg Robinson
ISBN-10: 0674006399
ISBN-13: 9780674006393
ISBN-10: 067401118X
ISBN-13: 9780674011182
On February 19, 1942, following the japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor and jap military successes within the Pacific, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt signed a fateful order. within the identify of defense, government Order 9066 allowed for the precis removing of jap extraterrestrial beings and americans of eastern descent from their West Coast houses and their incarceration below defend in camps. Amid the various histories and memoirs dedicated to this shameful occasion, FDR's contributions were visible as negligible. Now, utilizing Roosevelt's personal writings, his advisors' letters and diaries, and inner govt records, Greg Robinson unearths the president's imperative function in making and enforcing the internment and examines not just what the president did yet why. Robinson strains FDR's outlook again to his youth, and to the early 20th century's racialist view of ethnic jap in the US as immutably "foreign" and perilous. those prejudicial sentiments, together with his constitutional philosophy and management sort, contributed to Roosevelt's approval of the unparalleled mistreatment of usa citizens. His hands-on participation and interventions have been serious in picking the character, length, and effects of the administration's internment coverage. via Order of the President makes an attempt to give an explanation for how an exceptional humanitarian chief and his advisors, who have been battling a battle to maintain democracy, can have applied this kind of profoundly unjust and undemocratic coverage towards their very own humans. It reminds us of the facility of a president's ideals to steer and verify public coverage and of the necessity for citizen vigilance to guard the rights of all opposed to strength abuses.
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Additional resources for By Order of the President: FDR and the Internment of Japanese Americans
Example text
Citizens enjoyed extensive property holdings and special legal privileges such as extraterritoriality in China and other parts of Asia—Japan was not a nation of immigrants and there was no large group of Americans wishing to emigrate to Japan. Thus, his contention that race-based exclusion was reciprocal was as dishonest as the legal doctrine that “separate but equal” Jim Crow facilities did not constitute discrimination against African Americans. Most importantly, FDR’s focus on preserving “racial purity,” coupled with his insistence that Americans (whom he assumed were white) properly objected to the presence of Japanese Americans, reveals that he shared the eugenicist ideas and gentlemanly racism widespread among white Americans of his background and period.
107 Roosevelt (who had read Bywater’s Sea Power in the Pacific during his initial illness) responded that Bywater’s attitude was a reflection of the same old instinctive hostility toward Japan he had sought to combat; the greatest threat to peace was the breakdown of mutual trust. ” had little influence on either policy or popular attitudes toward Japan. –Japanese relations. Roosevelt nevertheless reiterated soon afterward both his friendly policy toward Japan and his racial justification of exclusion.
The navy, he explained, was likely to revive plans to divide the fleet following the imminent opening of the Panama Canal, since the time required to reunite the fleet in case of war would thereafter be considerably reduced. Roosevelt asked the admiral, as “a public service,” to write a series of popular historical articles on the perils of dividing naval forces. 58 He also took the opportunity to warn Roosevelt that West Coast defenses should be reinforced, given that the threat in the Pacific so much exceeded that in the Atlantic.
By Order of the President: FDR and the Internment of Japanese Americans by Greg Robinson
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